Page 36 - Viva ICSE Computer Studies 5 : E-book

Tech Terms

Software: A set of computer programs
Operating system: A special set of programs that controls various hardware programs
Backup: Process of data recovery
Fragmentation: The process in which an operating system breaks a fi le into pieces due to shortage
of space in the storage device where the fi le was originally saved
Virus: An unauthorised software that disrupts the normal working of a computer

Application software: Program required to perform specifi c work for end user
Defragmentation: The process of scanning fi le system and putting the fragments of fi le together

Quick Recall

• Programs are essentially step-by-step instructions given to a computer to perform a particular
task.
• Software may be classifi ed into two categories: system software and application software.
• System software forms a link between the user and the hardware of a computer.
• Operating systems are basically of two types—single-user and multi-user.
• Utility software performs specifi c tasks like managing, maintaining and controlling computer
resources.
• Network utility provides information and details related to network connections and
confi gurations of network devices.

• File Manager utility helps a user to manage fi les on a computer.
• Disk Management utility manages the disk-based hardware.
• Virus scanner and cleaner utilities are used to detect and eradicate diff erent types of viruses.
• It is important for a user to keep the back-up of fi les on diff erent secondary devices like CD, DVD
and pen drive.

• Data compression utility compresses or decompresses fi les that are stored on fl oppy and hard
disks.
• Computer understands only the machine language.
• The machine language consists of two numbers only, i.e., 0s and 1s.
• Application software can be further classifi ed into following two types: General Purpose
Application Software and Customised Application Software.
• Database Management System organises and maintains the data in a database for providing
the information.

A. Name the following.
1. Utility that manages disk-based hardware _____________
2. Three utilities that remove virus _____________ _____________ _____________

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