Page 141 - ICSE GEOGRAPHY

980 role as it indirectly supports even the health
972
970 of a country. It is important because it acts as
964
960 955 a bridge between an individual, a family and
950
950 946
945 society.
941 940
940 934
930 933 Education is a tool which shapes one’s present
930 927
actions and future plans. It is because of
920
910 education that one is able to understand the
900 world. Education and literacy are the indicators
1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
of development in any society. At the end of
The sex ratio of India from the year 1901 to 2011
British colonial rule, the literacy rate was just
regions with rampant gender discrimination, 12 per cent in India. During the early 1950s,
the sex ratio tends to bend towards males. Areas the literacy rate in our country was 18.33 per
where such discrimination occurs usually have cent. By 2001, it increased to 65.37 per cent.
many cases of female foeticide, female infanticide In 2011, this percentage increased again and

and domestic violence against women. reached upto 74.04 per cent. Kerala has the
Sex ratio is calculated as follows. highest literacy rate at 94 per cent, followed by
(Total number of females in a Mizoram at 91.33 per cent and Lakshadweep
particular area) × 1000 at 91.85 per cent. Th e literacy rate, in general,
Sex ratio = is lower among females as compared to males.
(Total number of males in the
Only 65.46 per cent of females are literate
same area) × 1000
whereas the male literacy rate is at 80 per cent.
Suppose in a district, the total number of
females is 11,500 and the total number of
males is 14,000. Th us,
11500
Sex ratio = × 1000
14000
= 822 females per
thousand males.

Let’s Discuss

What is the global sex
ratio? Is there any variation
between developed and
developing countries?

Role of Health and
Education

Health and education are two
factors which are responsible for the
development of any country’s human
resources. Education plays an even greater

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