Page 44 - Viva ICSE Science 5 : E-book

TERMS TO KNOW

1. Nutrients: Components of food that help our body to grow strong and healthy
2. Balanced diet: A diet that contains all the nutrients in balanced amounts along with
roughage and water for the proper functioning of our body
3. Food pyramid: A pyramid-shaped diagram that shows the components of food to be eaten
every day in a balanced way
4. Junk food: Any food that contains high amount of sugar, starch and fats with low amount
of other nutrients in it

5. Lifestyle diseases: Diseases that are associated with the way people live their life
6. Defi ciency diseases: Diseases that are caused due to lack of certain nutrients in the diet
over a long period of time
7. Food adulteration: The action of making food or drink impure and unsafe by adding
unwanted substances to it
8. Adulterant: Any substance that decreases the purity and quality of food

QUICK LOOK

1. There are 5 main components of food—carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals.
2. The amount of food a person needs depends on the age, gender and body size. It is very
important to eat a healthy and balanced diet.
3. Eating junk food regularly causes extra fat and starch present in it to get stored in the body
and can have adverse eff ects on the health.
4. Unhealthy food and lifestyle habits are the main causes of lifestyle diseases. The most
common lifestyle diseases are obesity, diabetes, blood pressure and anaemia.
5. Lack of nutrients in the diet over a long period of time causes certain defi ciency diseases.

6. Food adulteration decreases the quality of food and also lowers its nutritional content.

EXERCISES

A. Fill in the blanks.

1. ____________ do not provide any nutritional benefi t.

2. High blood pressure is also known as ____________.

3. Defi ciency of iron causes ____________.

4. Exposure to ____________ is helpful in prevention of rickets.

5. ____________ increase the impurity of food and can cause health problems.

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