Page 42 - Viva ICSE Science 5 : E-book

to lack of certain nutrients in the diet over a long period of time are called defi ciency
diseases.

Some Common Defi ciency Diseases

Defi ciency Caused due to Symptoms of the disease Diet to prevent the
disease the defi ciency of disease

Kwashiorkor Proteins, fats and Swollen stomach, thin Pulses, eggs, lentils, fi sh,
carbohydrates legs, swollen ankles and milk and rice
feet, reduced growth, and
anaemia

Marasmus Proteins and Weight loss, poor muscles, Pulses, eggs, milk, meat
carbohydrates anaemia, shrunken eyes, and cereals
loose and dry skin, and
consistent thirst

Night Vitamin A Poor vision in dim light Green leafy vegetables,
blindness carrots, mangoes, milk,
butter and egg yolk

Beriberi Vitamin B1 Weight loss, weakness, Beans, meat, fi sh, whole
weak muscles, and grains, nuts, milk and
irregular heartbeat vegetables
Scurvy Vitamin C Swollen and bleeding Citrus fruits and vegetables
gums like orange, lemons,
strawberries, amla,
tomatoes, potatoes and
broccoli

Rickets Vitamin D Soft and weak bones, bow- Milk, milk products, eggs
shaped legs and weakness and fish
Exposure to sunlight is
also helpful in prevention
of rickets as it helps in the
formation of vitamin D in
the body

Anaemia Iron Tiredness, dizziness and Green vegetables, apple,
weakness banana, liver, egg yolk and
jaggery

Goitre Iodine Swelling in neck, poor Iodised salt and seafood
growth and development
of body

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