Page 40 - ICSE GEOGRAPHY
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Heidelberg, Germany Malta, Russia
600,000 years ago 15,000 years ago
Mladec, Crech Rep.
33,000 years ago
Europe Ubeidiya, Israel ASIA
1 million years ago
Theme 3: Migration Lantian China
700,000 years ago
Tighenif, Algeria Oafzeh, Israel Liujiang C
700,000 years ago 92,000 years ago 67,000 ye
3 Migration Area of Human Origins Lake Turkana Kenya
AFRICA
1.6 million years ago
Trinil Indonesia
700,000 years ago
Klasies River Mouth, INDIAN OCEAN AUST
South Africa
100,000 years ago
n the previous chapter, we have learnt them left to escape the poverty and periodic
Ithe reasons that lead to changes in the crop failures in Europe.
population. One of the reasons for this change
is migration.
Human Migration
Human migration is a universal phenomenon.
It is a process through which people move
from a permanent place of residence to
another more or less permanent place for a
substantial period of time. Migration can
People have been migrating for many years
be international, referring to movement
Th e people who migrate are called migrants.
between diff erent countries, or internal,
referring to movement within a country, More people are migrating today than at any
other point in human history. Migrants travel
oft en from rural to urban areas.
Migration is not a new thing. Historically, in many diff erent ways and for many diff erent
reasons. People move in order to improve
people have always had migratory lifestyles.
Th ere is a historical evidence stating that people their standard of living, to give their children
better opportunities, or to escape from
have moved from faraway places to inhabit new
areas. For example, migrants from Asia ended poverty, confl ict and famine. Today, with
modern transportation and communication,
up in North and South America over a long
period of time, via a land bridge over the Bering more people are motivated and able to move.
Migrants have been essential to the development
Strait. Th ere have been several large-scale
movements of people in the history of humans, of many modern states, have shaped labour
dynamics around the globe and have been a
all of which were caused by some specifi c events
during those times. cornerstone of the global economy.
In more recent periods such as the Industrial
Revolution, over 50 million people left Europe Immigration and Emigration
for the USA, Canada, Argentina, Australia,
Immigration is the action of coming to live
New Zealand and South Africa. Many of permanently in a foreign country, whereas
inhabit: a person, animal, or group living in or occupying a place or environment
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