Page 120 - Viva ICSE Computer Studies 6 : E-book

Ransomware

Ransomware is a type of malware which locks
the data on the user’s computer and demands
payment to unlock the data. This type of malware
can spread through media like infected software
apps, malicious e-mail attachments and infected
external storage devices.

Keyloggers

A keylogger is a software that once installed
on a system, records every keystroke made on
the system. The recording can be captured in
the form of instant messages, e-mails and other
information like user names and passwords, and
is saved in a log fi le which is encrypted. The cyber
criminals use the keylogger as a spyware tool to
steal the personal information of the users.

Cookies

A web server generates information in the form
of pieces called cookies and makes it accessible
to the users for future use. When the user
accesses the relevant cookies, the web servers
also gain an access to these cookies in the form
of web requests. The cookies are installed on a
user’s system without his/her consent. Later,
the web servers can get an access to the user’s
personal information using these cookies.

Netiquette

Netiquette is a set of rules that the user is expected to follow when he/she is online. Some of
the rules that one should follow are listed below.
• Being Respectful: Be courteous and respectful to others who are online. Avoid capital
letters. Words in capitals draw unnecessary attention and can be considered as being
rude. Be careful while posting comments online. Do not post any such comments which
may embarrass others or off end them in anyway. Do not post others’ pictures without
their consent.

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