Page 235 - ICSE Math 6

22 Data Handling

Key Concepts

• Data: Collection and Organization • Interpreting and Constructing Bar Graphs
• Interpreting and Constructing Pictographs • Measures of Central Tendencies: Mean and Median

Data

You must have noticed that teachers collect and keep information about day-to-day progress of
students, doctors keep records of their patients, police collects information about unsocial elements and
criminals, and weather department keeps records of weather forecasts, etc. These pieces of information
and records in the form of numerical figures is called data. Data can be collected and represented in
various forms. Data helps us to plan and take decisions.

Collecting data
Let’s take an example, where a class teacher asks Roll No. Name of the student Destination
selected
each student to select a destination from Shimla,
Manali, Kashmir and Agra, where they would 1 Amit Kashmir
like to go for a trip. The teacher deputes the class 2 Ankit Manali
monitor to prepare a list of the selections. The 3 Anuradha Agra
monitor prepares the list as given alongside. 4 Anudita Kashmir
Arun
5
Shimla
Immediately after this, the teacher asks the monitor 6 Baljeet Manali
to give her the number of students interested in 7 Chanchal Kashmir
each destination. To count the destination-wise 8 Dilip Kashmir
selections easily and accurately, Himani suggests 9 Devendra Shimla
to make four different groups according to the 10 Eshaan Kashmir
selection of destinations. Do you think that it will 11 Fatima Manali
help to count quickly? 12 Farida Shimla

Yes, as the groups are already formed and one 13 Gagandeep Agra
just need to count and organize the number of 14 Himani Kashmir
students in each group. 15 Indira Kashmir

Organizing data
Represent each student by a tally mark against his or her selected destination. In tally marks, we
represent each unit of data by ‘|’ and a group of 5 by . Now count the number of tally marks to
get the number of students interested in a particular destination.

Destination Tally marks Number of students
Kashmir 7

Manali 3
Shimla 3

Agra 2

219