Page 102 - Start Up Mathematics_4

4. The multiples of a number are either greater than or equal to the number. For example,
the multiples of 5 cannot be less than 5.

5. Every multiple of a number is exactly divisible by that number.

For example, 14 ÷ 2 = 7 15 ÷ 5 = 3 27 ÷ 3 = 9
6. The first multiple of every number is the number itself.

For example, 5 × 1 = 5 7 × 1 = 7 9 × 1 = 9

Common multiples

To find common multiples of two or more numbers, follow Remember
these steps.
The smallest multiple that
1. Make lists of multiples of each number. is common to all given
2. Continue the lists until at least two multiples are numbers is called the least
common to all lists. common multiple or LCM
of the given numbers.
3. Identify the common multiples.

Example 11: Find two common multiples of 2, 3 and 4.

Solution: Multiples of 2: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 , 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24 , 26
Multiples of 3: 3, 6, 9, 12 , 15, 18, 21, 24 , 27

Multiples of 4: 4, 8, 12 , 16, 20, 24 , 28

Two common multiples of 2, 3 and 4 are 12 and 24.

Differences between multiples and factors

Multiples Factors

1. Multiple of a number is obtained by 1. Factor of a number is the number that
multiplying the number with any will divide the given number completely.
counting number.
2. Multiples of a number are unlimited. 2. Factors of a number are limited.

3. Multiples of a number are either greater 3. Factors of a number are always smaller
than or equal to the number. than or equal to the number.

EXERCISE 7.2

1. Write the multiples as directed.

(a) First four multiples of 7 (b) Fifth multiple of 9

(c) Eleventh multiple of 5 (d) First 5 multiples of 3

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