Page 101 - Start Up Mathematics_4

The numbers 5 and 6 are multiplied to get 30. So, 5 and 6 are factors of 30. Also, the product
obtained i.e., 30 is known as multiple of 5 and 6.

So, 5 × 6 = 30

Factors Multiple
We can find multiple of a number by multiplying it with 1, 2, 3 and so on.

Multiple of a number = The number × Any counting number

To find whether a given larger number is a multiple of the smaller number, we divide the
two. If the remainder is 0, the larger number is a multiple of the smaller number. If the
remainder is 1 or more, the larger number is not a multiple of the smaller number.

Example 7: Write the first five multiples of 2.

Solution: The first five multiples of 2 can be obtained by multiplying 2 with 1, 2, 3, 4
and 5.
2 × 1 = 2, 2 × 2 = 4, 2 × 3 = 6, 2 × 4 = 8, 2 × 5 = 10 14

So, the first five multiples of 2 are 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10. 6 84
– 6
Example 8: Is 84 a multiple of 6?
24
Solution: 84 ÷ 6 = 14, remainder = 0 – 24
Since the remainder is 0, 84 is a multiple of 6. 0

Example 9: Is 108 a multiple of 7? 15

Solution: 108 ÷ 7 = 15, remainder = 3 7 108
Since the remainder is 3, 108 is not a multiple of 7. – 7
38
Example 10: Find the fourth multiple of 8.
– 35
Solution: The fourth multiple of 8 = 8 × 4 = 32. 3

Quick Tip

Multiples of a number can also be obtained by skip counting.
For example, to find the multiples of 5, skip count by 5. Thus the
multiples of 5 are 5, 10, 15, 20, ... .

Properties of multiples

1. Every number is a multiple of itself. For example, 5 × 1 = 5 (5 is a multiple of 5)

2. A number can have unlimited multiples. For example, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 are some multiples
of 3.
3. Every number is a multiple of 1. For example, 1 × 2 = 2 1 × 3 = 3 1 × 4 = 4

93