Page 27 - ICSE GEOGRAPHY

• Migration: As we migrate or move from the term that describes people that arrive into
one place to another, the population of a country. Th e same people who left Ireland in
one place decreases while that of the other the 1840s and came to America were known
increases. It is considered an unnatural as immigrants by the people already living in
element of population change. America.

Rate of Change

Births and deaths are natural causes of
population change. Th e diff erence between
the birth rate and the death rate of a country
or place is called the natural increase. Th e
natural increase is calculated by subtracting
the death rate from the birth rate.
Natural increase = Birth rate – Death rate
Th e rate of natural increase is given as a

Migration brings changes to the population of two areas. percentage, calculated by dividing the natural
Emigration is used to describe the movement increase by 10. For example, if the birth rate

of people out of a country. People who left is 14 per 1,000 population, and the death rate
Ireland during the famine of the 1840s were is 8 per 1,000 population, then the natural
referred to as emigrants by the people who increase = 14 – 8 = 6. Th at is 6/1,000, which is
were left behind in Ireland. Immigration is equal to 0.6 per cent.

Deaths
Births

Births and immigration Deaths and emigration
add individuals to a remove individuals from
population. a population.

Immigration Emigration
Factors aff ecting population change

famine: a situation in which many people do not have enough food to eat

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