Page 168 - Real English 2024 Book 8

REAL ENGLISH 8

refers to example

relative who people Call the artist who painted this picture.
pronouns
whom people The painter whom we called was not at home.

whose people and things Anirudh is the painter whose painting we bought.

which things The painting which the industrialist bought was worth `5
million.

that things The painting that Sagar had made was sold for `20,000.
relative where place The house where the poet lived was turned into a
adverbs museum.

when time I remember clearly that day when we bought that
landscape painting.

D3 Read this passage. Fill in the blanks with who/whose/which/that. One has been done as an
example.

People who care for the environment have to think seriously about the tragedy of light pollution.
Light and night is a dangerous cocktail in the natural world. Artificial night light, ____________
can baffle even the most seasoned of creatures, plays havoc in the lives of those creatures
____________ survival depends on natural light. Take for example, its effect on the turtles
____________ nestle along the coast. Nesting turtles as well as hatchlings, ____________ have just
come out of the shells, are attracted to light. But often the intensity of artificial light, ____________
floods the port or resort area, makes the female turtles wary and they get confused. The case of
the hatchlings, ____________ see the world for the first time, is worse. Their survival, ____________
is crucial at this stage, depends on their reaching the sea as soon as possible. In the starlight,
water ____________ appears lighter than land attracts them and the hatchlings head straight for
the sea, ____________ is their lifesaver. But in the present age of light pollution ____________ has
invaded our lives the dazzling lights of ports and resorts attract the turtles and they head inland,
____________ is their deathtrap, with disastrous consequences for the species. Environmentalists
____________ are trying to save the endangered species are worried about turtles.
There are two types of relative clauses:

1. restrictive relative clause (also called ‘defining relative clause’)
2. non-restrictive relative clause (also called ‘non-defining relative clause’)

A restrictive clause gives essential information about a noun or noun phrase that comes
before it.

Natasha met the doctor who had treated her earlier. (which doctor?)
She took the medicine that was prescribed last week. (which medicine?)
A non-restrictive clause gives extra information that could be left out without affecting the
meaning of the sentence. A non-restrictive clause is normally introduced by who/whom, which,

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