Page 72 - Viva ICSE Science 4 : E-book

TERMS TO KNOW

1. Root system: Part of the plant that grows below the ground and consists of root
2. Shoot system: Part of the plant that grows above the ground and consists of stem, leaves,
fl owers and fruits
3. Petiole: The part linking the leaf to the stem
4. Stomata: Small openings on the under surface of a leaf which help in the exchange of gases

5. Photosynthesis: Process of making food by green leaves
6. Transpiration: Process of loss of water from plants
7. Glucose: A type of sugar
8. Chlorophyll: Green colour substance in plants, especially in leaves

QUICK LOOK

1. Parts of a plant are root, stem, leaf, fl ower and fruit.
2. A plant can be divided into two parts—the root system and the shoot system.

3. Roots are of two types—taproot and fi brous root.
4. The shoot system consists of stem, leaves, fl owers and fruits.
5. Leaves prepare food for plants. They are called the food factories of green plants.
6. Chlorophyll is the green substance in leaves which helps to absorb sunlight.

7. The process of making food by the plants using sunlight, water and carbon dioxide in the
presence of chlorophyll is known as photosynthesis.
8. The food prepared by a plant is called glucose (sugar) and is transported throughout the
plant by the stem.
9. Stomata are the tiny openings on the underside of leaves. They help plants in exchange of
gases.
10. Transpiration is the process of loss of water from plants. This occurs especially in leaves
through stomata.
11. We get many things from plants like food items, wood, coir, fi bre and rubber.

EXERCISES

A. Fill in the blanks.

1. The two main systems of plants are the ____________ system and the
____________ system.

2. Shoot system consists of ____________, leaves, ____________ and fruits.

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