Page 117 - Viva ICSE Science 4 : E-book

TERMS TO KNOW

1. Force: A push or a pull that acts on an object
2. Push: Act of moving an object away from us by applying force on it
3. Pull: Act of moving an object closer to us by applying force on it
4. Muscular force: Force applied by muscles of body
5. Gravitational force: Force that pulls every object towards the centre of the earth
6. Magnetic force: Force exerted by a magnet that pulls some materials towards itself

7. Frictional force: Force exerted by a surface when an object moves across it

QUICK LOOK

1. Push is an act of moving an object forward by applying force on it.
2. We push the pedals of a bicycle to move it forward or we push the door to close it.
3. Pull is an act of moving an object towards oneself by applying force on it.
4. We pull the cupboard door to open it or we pull an elastic band to make it longer.
5. A push or pull that acts on an object is called force.

6. A force can cause things to move, stop or change their direction of motion, shape or size.
7. Muscular force, gravitational force, magnetic force and frictional force are some types of
force.
8. Force applied by the muscles of a human body is called muscular force. For example, kicking
a football or pushing a door.
9. Force that pulls down every object towards the centre of the earth is called gravitational
force. For example, a ball thrown up falls back on the earth.
10. Force exerted by a magnet that pulls certain materials like iron, cobalt and nickel towards
itself is called magnetic force.
11. Force exerted by a surface when an object moves across it is called frictional force. It slows
or completely stops the movement of an object on some surface.

EXERCISES

A. Fill in the blanks.

1. A push or pull that acts on an object is called ____________.

2. Pushing makes the object move ____________ from/to us.

3. Force can ____________ or slow down the speed of a moving object.

4. Muscular force is the force that is applied by the ____________ of the human

body.

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