Page 75 - ICSE Math 5

F
6 Fractionsractions

Learning Outcomes

Students will be able to learn:
 about fraction and its types.
 to find equivalent fractions.
 to reduce a fraction to its lowest terms.
 to convert improper fraction to mixed fraction and vice versa.
 to compare and order fractions.
 to add and subtract unlike fractions and mixed fractions.
 to multiply and divide fractions.
 to solve word problems on fractions.

A fraction represents a small part of a whole or a collection. When we divide an object or a whole
into equal parts, then each part represents a fraction of the given object or a whole. A fraction,
when represented in numbers, has two parts—a numerator and a denominator.

The numerator shows the number of selected or shaded parts we have and the denominator
shows the total number of parts that we have of an object or a whole.
Number of selected or shaded parts of an object or a whole Numerator
Thus, a fraction = = .
Total number of equal parts of an object or a whole Denominator
9
For example, a fraction where 9 is the numerator and 11 is the denominator can be represented
11
as shown below.

Types of Fractions

Let’s learn about different types of fractions.
• Like fractions: Fractions which have the same denominator are called like fractions.

1 2 3 5
9
For example, , , , and are like fractions.
8 8 8 8 8
• Unlike fractions: Fractions which do not have the same denominator are called unlike
fractions.
2 3 5 8
For example, , , , and 7 are unlike fractions.
5 6 9 11 10
• Unit fractions: Fractions in which the numerator is 1 are called unit fractions.
1
1 1 1 1
For example, , , , and are unit fractions.
2 4 7 9 8
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