Page 95 - ICSE Math 4

Fractionsractions
8 F

Learning Outcomes

Students will be able to learn:
 fractions as part of a whole and their representation as number.
 types of fractions (like, unlike, unit and equivalent fractions).
 about equivalent fractions.
 to add and subtract like fractions.

When a number, group or thing is complete, we call it a whole.

A group of things or objects when taken as one whole is called
a collec on.
When we divide a whole thing or a collec on of things
into parts, each part is known as a frac on of the whole or
collec on.

number of parts selected of the whole
We write frac ons in numbers as .
total number of equal parts of the whole
1
For example, if a banana is divided into 4 equal parts, then each part of it is equal to .
4
Numerator and Denominator

A frac on when represented in numbers has two parts. The number wri en above the
dividing line is called the numerator and the number wri en below the dividing line is
called the denominator.
Top Tip
The numerator of a frac on tells the number of parts
selected and the denominator of a frac on tells the total The numerator of a
fraction can be 0, but the
number of equal parts into which the whole is divided.
denominator of a fraction
1 can never be 0.
For example, in the frac on , 1 is the numerator and 3 is
3
the denominator. It is read as one-third.

We usually name a frac on by fi rst naming the numerator followed by the ordinal name
2 4
of the denominator. For example, is read as two-thirds, is read as four-eighths and
3 8
so on.

Example 1: Shru bought a pizza. She cut it into 4 equal slices and gave 1 slice to her
friend Kri . Represent Shru ’s and Kri ’s share of pizza in frac ons.

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