Page 54 - ICSE Math 4

Multiplication by Numbers Ending with Zero

Multiplication by a Number Ending with One Zero

To mul ply a number by 10, write the mul plicand as it is followed by one zero.

For example, 9 × 10 = 90 28 × 10 = 280 137 × 10 = 1,370

To mul ply a number by 20; 30; 40; 50 and so on, write 0 at the Calcula ons
ones place. Then, mul ply the mul plicand by the remaining 1 4
digit(s) of the mul plier and write the product before 0. 6 4 2 3 8

For example, 64 × 20 = 1,280 238 × 50 = 11,900 × 2 × 5
1 2 8 1 1 9 0
Multiplication by a Number Ending with Two Zeroes

To mul ply a number by 100, write the mul plicand as it is followed by two zeros.

For example, 8 × 100 = 800, 96 × 100 = 9600 and 342 × 100 = 34,200

To mul ply a number by 200, 300, 400, 500 and so on, write zeros
at the tens and ones places. Then, mul ply the mul plicand by the Calcula ons
remaining digit(s) of the mul plier and write the product before 3 2 1
1 9 2 4 3
the zeros.
× 4 × 6
For example, 19 × 400 = 7,600 243 × 600 = 1,45,800
7 6 1 4 5 8
Multiplication by a Number Ending with Three Zeroes

To mul ply a number by 1,000, write the mul plicand followed by three zeros.

For example, 4 × 1,000 = 4,000 52 × 1,000 = 52,000 713 × 1,000 = 7,13,000

To mul ply a number by 2,000; 3,000; 4,000; 5,000 and so on, Calcula ons
write zeros at the hundreds, tens and ones places. Then, mul ply 3 5
the mul plicand by the remaining digit(s) of the mul plier and 4 7 3 6 1
write the product before the zeros. × 5 × 9

For example, 47 × 5,000 = 2,35,000 361 × 9,000 = 32,49,000 2 3 5 3 2 4 9

Exercise 5.2

1. Fill in the blanks using mul plica on facts.

(a) ______ × 28 = 28 × 4 (b) 108 × 0 = 0 × 108 = ______

(c) 432 × ______ = 1 × ______ = 432 (d) 64 × 4 = 4 × 64 = ______

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