Page 54 - Viva Real English 2 : Ebook

C Grammar

Nouns

Number : Singular and Plural

1. Noun + s

book + s = books s is pronounced as s in so.
girl + s = girls s is pronounced as z in zoo.

orange + s = oranges s is pronounced as iz in is.

2. Noun + es

glass + es = glasses

3. Nouns ending in -o

i) radio + s = radios ii) potato + es = potatoes

4. Nouns ending in -y

i) key + s = keys ii) baby + es = babies

5. Nouns ending in -f or -fe

i) roof + s = roofs ii) knife + s = knives

6. Nouns with different plurals

Singular Plural Singular Plural

man – men tooth – teeth

woman – women mouse – mice

child – children goose – geese
ox – oxen

7. Nouns which have the same form in the singular and the plural.

deer – deer

sheep – sheep

Teacher’s Box
1. If the last sound of a noun is a hissing sound add -es to the noun.
2. i) If there is a vowel before o add -s to the noun.
ii) If there is a consonant before o add -es to the noun.
3. i) If there is a vowel before y add -s to the noun.
ii) If there is a consonant before y change y into i and add -es.
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