Page 117 - ICSE GEOGRAPHY

R. Chenab R. Indus R.
Jhelum G
PAKISTAN R CHINA
Ravi R.
Sutlej R. Haridwar Nanda Devi
E
Indus R. Delhi Ganga A T
NEP A L
R.
E
Mt Everest Kanchenjunga
R
Agra BHUTAN Y A
Ya muna
R.
Lucknow Gandak I M Darjilling L BrahmaputraR.
H
NO RT HERN
A
A
Chambal R. Betwa R. Kanpur PLAINS Kosi R. E AS TE R N HIMALAYAS
R.
Allahabad
Patna
Ghaghar aR .
Varanasi
BANGLADESH
NOR TH
Hugli R.
Narmada R . Kolkata MYANMAR
DECCAN Mahanadi R . Mouth of the Ganges
Tapi R.
PLA T EAU
ARABIAN SEA BA Y OF BENGAL
A map showing the location of the Northern Plains in India
• Th eir fl at surface, slow moving perennial
Ganga–Brahmaputra Plain rivers and favourable climate are of great
Th e Ganga–Brahmapurta plain is formed economical and social signifi cance.
by the deposition of sediments brought by • Good network of roads and railways has
the two main river systems—the Ganga led to the large scale industrialisation of
and the Brahmaputra. Th e Ganga has many this region which has greatly helped the
tributaries out of which the Yamuna is the nation’s economy.
most important. Both these rivers originate
Peninsular Plateau
in the Himalayas. Th e Brahmaputra originates
in Tibet where it is known as Tsangpo. It fl ows Th e Peninsular Plateau is the largest and the
eastwards for a considerable length and then oldest hard rock formation of India’s physical
turns southwards where it fl ows westwards divisions. It is a triangular-shaped tableland
mostly through the state of Assam. Th e Ganga which was a part of an ancient landmass called
Plain extends between the Ghaggar and Teesta Gondwanaland. Th e Peninsular Plateau is
rivers whereas the Brahmaputra Plain forms divided into two groups—Central Highlands
the eastern part of the northern plains. Th e and Deccan Plateau.
Brahmaputra meets the Ganga in Bangladesh as Central Highlands
the Padma and forms the world’s largest delta.
Th e importance of the Northern Plains is Th e Central Highlands extend from the
listed below. Narmada River to the Northern Plains. It
• Fertile soil and assured water resources is bounded by the Aravallis in the west and
make the plains rich agricultural lands. the Satpura range in the south. Th e eastern
Th ey are the granaries of India. extension of the Central Highlands consists

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